Biology the science of life

Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of all leaving organisms – the science of life ( Gr. = bios, life ; logos = discourse ). The term Biology was coined by Jean Baptiste de Lamarck of france and Gottfried Treviranus of Germany in 1802 the diversity of life leads to money division in biological science. Traditionally biological science has been divided into Zoology (Gr., zoon = animal), daily specifically with animals and botany (Gr., botane = plant), delete specifically with plants. What name is also known as phytology (Gr., phyton = plant). Microbiology is a third main branch which deals with simplar, microscopic organisms such as bacteria and viruses.

 Branches/ career options in biology

 Branch   –   study of /science of

acarology – mites and ticks.

Actinobiology – effect of radiations on life (radiobiology).

aerobiology – flying animals.

agriculture – farming, raising crop and husbandry.

agriology – custom of primitive man.

agrobiology – reveaving and ancient land use practice where the same land is used for farming foresry and animal husbandry.

agronomics – management of land and crops.

agronomy – production of crops and management of crop forms.

agrostology – grasses.

anatomy – structure of internal organs.

animal husbandry –  breeding of domestic animals.

anthropology  – origin physical and mental development of mankind.

anthology – flowers.

angiology – blood and lamps vessels.

afidology – ahids( plant lice).

apiculture – rising and maintenance of honey bees extraction and marketing of honey.

aquaculture – cultivation of fishes and author aquatic animals using the sea legs rivers etc.

araneology – spider’s.

arboriculture – cultivation of trees and vegetables.

arthrology – joints.

autecology – inter relationship between individual species and its environment.

Bacteriology – bacteria.

Biochemistry – chemical changes within and produced by living organisms.

Bioinformatics – systematic development and application of the computing system in biological processes.

Biology –  living organisms.

biomedical –  producing parts for men in plants artificial leaves hurt lungs machines etc.

Biometric –  application statistical  techniques in biology.

Bionomics –  relation of an organism  to its environment.

Biophysis – physical properties of biological systems .

Biotechnology –  application of discoveries in biology to large scale production of useful organisms and their products .

Bonsai –  art of growing miniature plants.

Breeding biology –  producing procreate improved varieties / breeds /rices / by selective mating.

Botany – plants.

Bryology – bryophytes.

Cardiology – heart functions and diseases.

Carpology/ pomology –  fruits.

Cell biology –  biology chemistry and physics of cells.

Condrology –  cartilages.

Cetology – whales.

Cnidology – cnidaria ( coelenterated ).

Computational biology –  systematic development application and validation of computational hardware and software solutions for building simulation models of biological systems.

Computer simulation –  conversion of physical phenomenon into graphical and multidimensional and multimedia presentation without actually involving animals or plants.

Conchology – molluscan shells.

Craniology – skulls.

Cryobiology – effects of very low temperature on living systems.

Ctetology – acquired characters.

Cytochemistry – chemistry of cells.

Cytogenetics – linking cell structure particularly the structure and behaviour of chromosomes to data from breeding work.

Cytology – cell structure and function.

Cytotaxonomy – classification of organisms based on chromosomes.

Dactylography – fingerprints for the purpose of identification.

Dairy technology –  rising of improved varieties of cattle such as cow buffalo etc. extraction reservation and marketing of milk and milk products.

Demography – numerical and mathematical analysis of populations and their distributions.

Dendrochronology – determining the age of trees.

Dendrology – strubs and trees.

Dermatology –  skin and skin diseases.

Developmental biology –  development stages.

Dysgenics – unbearable conditions to race development.

Dysteleology – functionless rudimentary organs.

Ecology – relationship between organisms and environment.

economic botany –  plant and their useful products.

embryology –  developmental biology.

Endocrinology –  structure and function of the endocrine system.

Entomology –  insects .

Environmental management –  assessment of environmental finding out the ways and means for remedy of environmental problems .

Enzymology – enzymes .

Ethics  – mental qualities of a community .

Ethology –  animal habits and behaviour.

Ethno –  relation between societies primitive people and plants surrounding them.

Ethnology – characters and distributions of races.

Etiology – causes of diseases.

Eugenics – improvement of human races by means of principles of genetics.

Euphenics – improvement of the human race by symptomatic treatment of genetic diseases.

Euphenics – improvement of the human race by providing better conditions of life .

Evaluation – origin and gradual differentiation of organisms.

Exobiology – life in space.

Fishery – catching fish or other products of the sea lakes or rivers.

Food technology –  producing and preservation of foods.

Floriculture – flower producing plant.

Forestry – developing cultivating and conserving forests.

Forensic science – detection of crimes.

Genecology – study of genetic variations within spaces in relation to ecological diversity.

Genetics – heredity and variation in biological systems.

Genetic engineering – genetic manipulation to produce and organisms with her new combination of inherited properties.

Geology –  earth surface and fossils.

Gerontology – aging.

Gynecology –  female reproductive systems.

Hematology – blood.

Helminthology – worms.

Hepatology – liver.

Hepatology – reptiles.

Heredity – genetics.

Histology – tissues.

Horticulture – development of good varieties of fruits vegetables and ornamental plants.

Hypnology – sleep.

Ichthyology – fishes.

Ichnology – fossil foot print.

Ikebana – art of floral arrangement.

Immunology – body defence and resistance to infections.

Kalology – human beauty.

Karyology – cell nucleus.

Kinesiology – body movements.

Larynology – larynx.

Lepidopterology – butterflies.

Lichenology – lichens.

Limnology – still water bodies ( lakes ).

Lithology – characteristics of rocks.

Malacology – molluscs.

Mammalogy – mammals.

Marine biology – floral and fauna of sea.

Malariology – malaria.

Mastology – breast including teats.

Medical transcription – interpretation and typewriting dictation from physicians regarding patient assessment and work up surgical radiology, therapeutic procedures etc.

Medicine – treating diseases with drugs or creative substances.

Melittopalynology – pollen grains and honey.

Meteorologic – weather and climate.

Microbiology – structure function and use of microscopic organisms.

Mineralogy – substances on earth crust.

Molecular biology –  structure and activities of molecules in living things.

Morphology –  structure as a whole.

Morphogenesis –  embryology.

Mycology –  fungi.

Myology – muscles.

Myrmecology – ants and anteaters.

Nematology – nematodes.

Neontology – life of recent origin.

Neonatology – new bones up to the age of 2 months.

Nephrology – kidney.

Neurology – nervous system and receptors.

Neurology –  birds nests.

Nosology –  diseases.

Occupational therapy – treatment of convelescents and the physically handicapped utilising network for divergent physical exercise or vacational training.

Odontology – teeth.

Olericulture –  care and cultivation of vegetables.

Oncology – study of tumors.

Ophiology – snakes.

Ophthalmology – eyes.

Organology – organs.

Ornithology –  birds.

Osteology – bones.

Otology – ears.

Polaeontology – past Life by fossil.

Palaeobotany – fossil plants.

Palynology –  force and pollen grains.

Parasitology – parasites.

Palaeozoology – fossils animals.

Parazoology – sponges.

Pathology – causes nature and symptoms of diseases.

Pharmacy – preparing and compounding medicines.

Pharmacology – drugs and preparing medicines.

Pharmacognosy – the use of plants and their parts in the drug industry.

Phenology – periodicity phenomenon of plants, birds, migration.

Pedology – soil.

Phycology – algae.

Phylogeny – evolutionary history.

Phytogeography – distributions of plants on earth.

Physiography – surface features of earth.

Physiotherapy – treatment of diseases bodies weaknesses or defects by physical remedies or exercise.

Phrenalogy – painter faculty of the brain including feeling.

Photobiology – light effect on living organisms.

Piggery – rearing of pigs.

Physiology – functional mechanism of the body.

Pomology – fruits.

Poultry farming –  domestic fowls such as chicken ducks and geese.

Prawn farming – rearing transportation and marketing of prawns.

Protestology – unicellular animals and plants.

Protozoology – protozoa.

Proctology – hindgut and rectum.

Psychology – human mind behaviour and mental qualities.

Psychobiology – animal psychology.

Pteriodology – ferns.

Radiology – effect of radiation on giving organisms.

Rhinology – nose .

Sarcology – muscles.

Saurology – lizards.

Sericulture – rearing of silkworm.

Serology – blood serum.

Serpentology – phiology.

Sitology – dietetics .

Social forestry – rising planting and protecting trees with multiple uses for the rural community.

Sociology – animal societies including man.

Space biology – life in space.

Splanchnology – visceral organs.

Spermology – seeds.

silviculture – development of forest and utilisation of forest products.

Surgery – related to anatomy and physical operations to cure the patients suffering from diseases.

Syndesmology – joints and ligaments.

Taxonomy – theory and practice of classification.

Taxidermy –  stuffing animals and reservation in museums.

Tectology –  morphology and organisation of the body.

Teleology – explanation of natural phenomena in terms of need of organisms.

Teratology – malformation and abnormal growth.

Torpidology –  skates and rays.

Topiary – art of pruning plants according to desired shapes.

Toxicology – poisonous compounds for organisms.

Traumatology – wounds.

Tricology – hairs.

Traphology – food and nutrition.

Urban forestry –  planting trees for aesthetic purposes and to add colour and mitigate harshness of urban settlement and environment.

Urology – urine and diseases.

Veterinary science – domestic animals and their health.

Virology – viruses.

Xylology – structure of wood.

Zoogeography – distribution of animals over Earth.

Zoology – animals.

Zoopathology – diseases of animals.

Zoophytology – drifting organisms such as diatoms.

Zootechny – breeding and domesticating animals.

Zymology – fermentation.